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| 1920 May |
| | League of Nations mandates give Britain responsibility for Iraq, Transjordan and Palestine | |
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| 1920 May |
| | League of Nations mandates give France responsibility for Syria and Lebanon | |
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| 1920 August |
| | A punitive peace treaty, negotiated at Sèvres, is designed to dismember the Ottoman empire | |
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| 1920 August 10 |
| | The sultan of Turkey signs the Treaty of Sèvres with the Allies but it is rejected by the new nationalist government | |
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| 1921 |
| | Abdullah ibn Hussein, of the Hashemite family, becomes emir of the new province of Transjordan | |
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| 1921 |
| | Faisal, having lost Syria, is given the throne in the British mandated territory of Iraq | |
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| 1922 |
| | Mustafa Kemal Atatürk wins a long campaign to expel the Greeks, authorized by the victorious Allies to occupy western Turkey | |
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| 1922 |
| | The nationalist government in Turkey abolishes the sultanate and the last Ottoman emperor, Mehmed VI, goes into exile | |
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| 1923 |
| | The Treaty of Lausanne, with more favourable terms than those negotiated at Sèvres, finally brings peace between Turkey and the Allies | |
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| 1923 |
| | Turkey becomes a republic with Atatürk as president and Ankara as its new capital | |
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